Solar System

  • 8.3 light minutes from sun-earth (93m miles)
  • Sun - 99.86% of the mass
  • Hottest planet is Venus, 900F
  • Europa (Jupiter) may have liquid water beneath an ice crust
  • Tallest mtn is on Mars, 88,000 feet
  • Mercury may have a 10-mile thick diamond layer
  • What's missing?








Earth from Saturn

  • Cassini image (746 million miles away)
  • 746 million to 1 billion miles
  • Elliptical orbit
  • Earth can be on either side of the Sun








Milky Way

  • 88,000 ly across
  • 100-400 billion stars
  • 450 million years to get to center by rocket
  • Super black hole at center
  •     50 billion x mass of Sun
  • Andromeda Galaxy will collide about 4by








Local Group








Stephen's Quintet (L)
  • 300 mly
Deer Lick Group (R)
  • NGC 7331 the largest Galaxy
  • Like Milky Way 50mly away








Universe (not to scale)

  • Solar System in middle
  • Cosmic Basckground Radiation around edge: farthest away
  • 93 billion light-years across
  • About 15 byo
  • 2 trillion galaxies (est.)
  • Expanding, speeding up
  • 1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 stars
  •     1 septillion, 10^24
  •     nobody really knows
  • Space is completely silent








Messier 51, Whirlpool Galaxy

  • Hubble photo
  • 23.5 mly away
  • 24,000ly across
  • Similar to Milky Way, smaller








"Pillars of Creation"

  • Hubble photo
  • About 7,000 ly away
  • In the Eagle Nebula (about 70x55 ly)
  • Gas, dust, new stars
  • Each pillar 4-5 ly tall








"Butterfly" Nebula

  • Hubble photo
  • Wingspan ly
  • Sun = 400,000F degrees
  • About 4,000 ly away








"The Mice"

  • Hubble photo
  • Colliding Galaxies
  • About 300 mly away
  • Will eventually merge as one galaxy